The Battle of Mogadishu in October of 1993 resulted in a mass casualty situation from which many lessons were learned (or relearned), in an austere combat environment, which led to tremendous impacts in the development of advancements which saved lives years later.  During this presentation, we will summarize the operational aspects of Task Force Ranger by describing the mission and the environment leading to the deployment and the 3-4 October 1993 mass casualty event commonly known as “Black Hawk Down”.  We will describe the medical resources and architecture and some of the casualty care which took place; what went well and what did not go well.  The focus of this presentation will be on reviewing the lessons learned, as described in the after action report, and the subsequent initiatives that followed to improve the effectiveness and survivability on future deployments, to include OEF and OIF.  The experiences of Task Force Ranger were a wake up call as to the types of future battles our military will face.  The medical lessons learned and subsequent developments to improve combat casualty care capabilities were essential in advancements which led to decreased mortality and increased survivability in the contemporary operating environment.