Background: Robotic autonomous systems (RAS) are currently being used successfully on land, air and sea to carry out a wide range of military tasks. Integrating RAS into the military rescue chain can bring numerous advantages. For example, it allows the evacuation of patients from contaminated areas without putting additional personnel at risk. Furthermore, appropriate protective equipment could prevent cross-contamination outside the hazardous area. Smart advanced technologies enable new means of Medical Evacuation (MEDEVAC). Aim: To achieve this goal, it is necessary to implement remote patient monitoring and remote-controlled robot-assisted therapies. The development of an Autonomous Patient Transport Unit (APTU) is the basis for this sustainable concept. This APTU is an individual patient compartment that can be transported independently of the transport platform used. Methods: A consortium of government agencies, military departments, start-ups and large industrial companies is developing a RAS-supported concept for the evacuation of contaminated and contagious patients in the “iMedCap” project financed by the European Defense Fund. A work package of this project is concerned with the development of the APTU. Experts from the fields of medicine, engineering and medical technology initially defined specific requirements for this core part of the iMedCap project. Results: The following requirements were defined as key points for the development of the APTU: 1. the APTU must be developed as a self-contained patient cabin that can be operated autonomously. 2. the APTU must be compatible with various means of transportation (ground, air, sea) to ensure a high degree of flexibility Completely autonomous transportation using RAS must be possible 3. continuous telemedical monitoring of the patients must be guaranteed. Wearables, dedicated medical monitoring systems and external sensors must be integrated as data sources for recording vital signs. 4. life-saving interventions must be able to be carried out remotely via a robotic assisted surgical and intervention care (RASIC) module integrated into the APTU. 5. the APTU must be able to operate under CBRN threats and have a CBRN detection system. 6. AI-based software should help with patient monitoring, patient flow control and patient tracking. 7. a medical care giver in the patient evacuation coordination center (PECC) must be able to provide psychological support to the patient, monitor all medical data and carry out necessary measures remotely. Prototype All the main components of the APTU (patient compartment, RASIC, monitoring eco system, medical data hub) are currently being developed based on the requirements. The next step is the system integration of these parts into an APTU. This prototype will be tested and evaluated in an exercise scenario using RAS transport by the end of 2027. Conclusion: Based on the general requirements, fully autonomous MedEvac transport appears to be technically feasible. A prototype APTU will be available for proof of concept and feasibility studies over the next two years.