2. Evaluate the Effectiveness of 3D Printing as a Sterilization Method: Analyze the ability of high-temperature 3D printing processes to reduce bioburden on polycarbonate materials and its implications for medical applications.
3. Explore Sterilization Optimization Strategies for 3D Printing: Discuss the limitations of current 3D printing methods in achieving full sterility and the need for complementary techniques to ensure the safety of 3D-printed medical devices.
Large-Scale Combat Operations (LSCO) necessitate innovative approaches for military medical care due to challenges like high casualty rates and limited evacuation options. Additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, emerges as a potential solution for producing medical tools in austere environments. This study evaluates the bioburden (microbial contamination) on polycarbonate filaments before and after 3D printing to assess its sterilization effects. Polycarbonate cubes were printed at two temperatures (260°C and 300°C) and tested for microbial contamination, including aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and fungi. Results showed significant reductions in bioburden post-printing, with sterility rates reaching up to 100% for fungi. However, complete sterility was not consistently achieved, highlighting the need for additional sterilization methods. These findings demonstrate the potential of 3D printing as a partial sterilization method for military medical applications, supporting the on-demand production of safe medical devices in resource-limited settings.